The purpose of this study is to determine the social costs attributable to the abuse of alcohol, illegal drugs and tobacco, as well as of gambling for three EU countries, Poland, Portugal, and Spain (Catalonia).

This report describes use prevalence, dependence and related harm estimates for addictive substances and behaviours in Europe, plus the strategies used for obtaining these estimates when ideal data was not available. It also includes an extensive appendix with country profiles and details on the data sources.

Risk assessment of illicit drugs has often been based on historial attribution, emotive reasoning or educated guesses. This research, as part of WP4 Classification of addictions, aims for a comparative risk assessment of drugs, including alcohol and tobacco, based on a toxicological methodology.

A report examining the various classifications of addictions and extracting common elements of addiction classifications

This study investigated the popular images of nine different addictions in five European countries (Poland, Norway, Germany, Finland, and Sweden).