Throughout modern history, addictions, in particular alcoholism, have been used to stigmatise “inferior” classes or  people(s), including indigenous populations, and to discredit their social and national aspirations; currently this stigma still continues to exist, covering addicts as well as addiction treatment, and leads to serious health inequalities across social classes, peoples and countries.

Key words: addictions, health inequalities, stigma, social justice, discrimination

Lead author(s): Moskalewicz

An increased convergence of 'addiction' policies in EU Member States has been found, with some interesting similarities of policies in the fields of licit and illicit drugs

Key words: trends, addiction policies, forces, decision making

Lead author(s): Franz Trautmann

Policy scaling tools, which translate national addiction policies into numbers and measure how strict and/or comprehensive they are, show that there are no unified and integrated addiction policies implemented throughout Europe

Key words: addiction policies, monitoring, scales

Lead author(s): Lindeman, Karlsson & Österberg

Governance of addictions in Europe can be classified into four typologies based on the strategy of their policies and the organizational structure of their governments.

Key words: policy strategy, organizational structure, typologies, governance of addictions

Lead author(s): Ysa & Albareda

Almost a third of premature deaths in Poland, Portugal and Catalonia are caused by alcohol, tobacco and illicit drug use; the proportion is even higher amongst men

Key words: social cost, drugs, mortality burden

Lead author(s): Mielecka-Kubien, Okulicz-Kozaryn & Zin-Sedek