The 55 ALICE RAP Science Findings give a simple account of the main results coming out of the different lines of research undertaken in the project - here collected together in a single document. These have been grouped into 7 themes (see table of contents).

Each Science Finding gives a summary of the results and links to further reading through peer-reviewed publications and the more detailed ALICE RAP deliverable reports.

A health footprint can be used as an accountability tool to apportion the harm to health and premature death imposed by the different drivers of addictive drug use and behaviours.

Key words: Health footprint, addictive products, harm, accountability

Lead author(s): Anderson

Policy scaling tools, which translate national addiction policies into numbers and measure how strict and/or comprehensive they are, show that there are no unified and integrated addiction policies implemented throughout Europe

Key words: addiction policies, monitoring, scales

Lead author(s): Lindeman, Karlsson & Österberg

Parental substance abuse has different manifestations throughout all the child’s developmental stages: it is important to improve multi-professional cooperation

Key words: substance use, multi-profession cooperation, children, Intergenerational impact

Lead author(s): Holmila & Raitasalo

Limited research evidence exists on the determinants of transitions from high-risk to low-risk substance use and gambling that occur without clinical or psychotherapeutic intervention; however, evidence supports that a key driver of transitions from harmful to low-risk substance use or gambling is life changes in the user, for example getting a job, getting married and having children.

Key words: determinants, reduction, life changes, harmful behaviours

Lead author(s): Gell, McLeod, Bühringer, Meier, Lingford-Hughes, Holmes, Forberger